Kroger (KR:NYS) Fundamental Valuation Report


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Kroger $28.73 (USD) Close Price as of 21/06/2018

Based on the analysis conducted in this report, Kroger, (KR:NYS) is found to be  Fairly valued to slightly Undervalued.

Company Kroger
Symbol:Exchange KR:NYS
Industry Consumer Defensive:Grocery Stores
Close Price/Date $28.73 (USD) 21/06/2018
Weighted Average Valuation $30.09 (USD)
Summary KR:NYS is found to be  Fairly valued to slightly Undervalued by 4.7% using the 3 valuation models shown below.
Valuation Models Used Analyst Consensus: $28.75 (USD)
(in order of importance) Comparables: $27.72 (USD)
Adjusted Book Value: $38.84 (USD)
Valuation Methods Analysis This company is:
Cash Flow Basis: Overvalued on a Cash Flow Valuation basis
Comparable Company Basis: Fairly valued on a Comparable Valuation basis
Asset Basis: Undervalued on an Asset Valuation basis

Valuation Details

Kroger Valuations

Summary chart

 We have up to 6 valuation points for each company. Details are at the bottom of the report.

Discounted Cash Flow and Sensitivity Analysis for KR:NYS

Using a discounted cash flow model we generated an intrinsic value of $16.64 (USD) for KR:NYS

Sensitivity Analysis

(showing how changes in the input variables impact the DCF calculation)

KR:NYS Current Values Valuation If Dropped * Valuation If Raised *
Calculated Value: $16.64 1% 5% 1% 5%
WACC (or Ke) 6.60 $25.56 $10.73
Terminal Growth Rate 1.60 $11.21 $24.80
Tax Rate 0.27 $20.69 $12.59
Cash Flow 5,784,697,600 $11.68 $21.61
Capital Expenditures
Long Term Debt 12,420,000,000 $17.42 $15.87

* Changes are absolute: ex WACC from 8% to 7%

Comparables Model

Using similar companies and price based ratios we generated a valuation of $27.72 (USD) for KR:NYS. We also generated a valuation of $16.66 (USD) using other metrics and comparables.
The comparable companies were Alimentation Couche-Tard (ATD.B:TSE), Empire Co (EMP.A:TSE), Loblaw Cos (L:TSE), Metro (MRU:TSE) and George Weston (WN:TSE).

Company KR:NYS End Date Value
Earnings/Share $2.09 (USD)
Book Value/Share $8.62 (USD)
Sales/Share $135.69 (USD)
Cash Flow/Share $3.78 (USD)
EBITDA/Share $5.00 (USD)
Price Based on Comps Adjustment Factor (%)
$47.86 (USD) -17.8
$20.26 (USD) 24.6
$65.49 (USD) -54.4
$36.22 (USD) -32.4
$26.20 (USD) -24.9
KR:NYS Ratios Used Average Values ATD.B:TSE EMP.A:TSE L:TSE MRU:TSE WN:TSE
13.75 PE Ratio 22.90 15.79 59.21 16.24 5.87 17.40
3.33 PB Ratio 2.35 3.28 1.89 2.00 2.66 1.92
0.21 PS Ratio 0.48 0.51 0.29 0.57 0.76 0.28
7.61 PCF Ratio 9.59 11.97 8.75 8.11 15.25 3.88
8.22 EV to EBITDA 8.69 12.19 11.32 8.78 5.22 5.93

Multiples

Using a multiples approach we generated a valuation of  $36.72 (USD) for KR:NYS

Company KR:NYS End Date Value
Earnings/Share $2.09 (USD)
Book Value/Share $8.62 (USD)
Sales/Share $135.69 (USD)
Cash Flow/Share $3.78 (USD)
EBITDA/Share $5.00 (USD)
Price Based on Comps Adjustment Factor
$34.78 (USD) 0
$42.69 (USD) 0
$39.31 (USD) 0
$27.21 (USD) 0
$39.59 (USD) 0
Ratios Ratio Average
PE Ratio 16.64
PB Ratio 4.95
PS Ratio 0.29
PCF Ratio 7.21
EV to EBITDA 7.92

Adjusted Book Value versus Historical Price to Book

The average the Price to Book ratio for  KR:NYS for the last 10 years was  4.88

We ran the Adjusted Book Value for  KR:NYS and generated a book value of  $7.97 (USD)
By multiplying these we get an adjusted valuation of  $38.84 (USD)

Analyst Data

In the Stockcalc database there are 8 analysts that provide a valuation for KR:NYS. The 8 analysts have a concensus valuation for KR:NYS for 2019 of $28.75 (USD).

KR:NYS Kroger

Analyst Recommendation
Buy Hold Sell Rating
(of 5)
Guidance As Of
5 4 0 4.1111 Outperform 2018-6-20

Current Price: not available

Analyst Consensus
USD Millions 2019 2020 2021
Mean EPS 2.07 2.21 2.46
# EPS Analysts 9 9 2
Mean Revenue 121,223.60 124,216.00 129,721.10
# Revenue Analysts 6 6 3
Mean Target Price 28.75
Mean Cash Flow 5.08 5.39 5.96
Mean EBITDA 5,261.00 5,371.80 5,693.60
Mean Net Income 1,720.00 1,770.40 1,974.70
Mean Debt Outstanding 5,233.80 5,092.80 835.20
Mean Tax Rate 22.00 22.00 22.00
Mean Growth Rate 5.20
Mean Capital Expenditure 3,081.60 3,087.90 3,017.60

Company Overview (KR:NYS USD)

Price 28.73
Range 27.75 – 29.50
52 week 19.94 – 31.34
Open 28.29
Vol / Avg. 39.87M/7.02M
Mkt cap 25.31B
P/E 13.75
Div/yield 0.50/0.02
EPS 2.09
Shares 881M
Beta 0.51

Summary chart

Detailed Company Description

The Kroger Co operates grocery stores. Its coverage includes retail food and drug stores, multi-department stores, jewelry stores and convenience stores.

Explanation of Valuation Models

We have up to 6 valuation points for each company in the database.

The Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) valuation is a cash flow model where cash flow projections are discounted back to the present to calculate value per share. DCF is a common valuation technique especially for companies undergoing irregular cash flows such as resource companies (mining, forestry, oil and gas) going though price cycles or smaller companies about to generate cash flow (junior exploration companies, junior pharma, technology firms…).

The Price Comparables valuation is the result of valuing the company we are looking at on the basis of ratios from selected comparable companies: Price to Earnings, Price to Book, Price to Sales, Price to Cash Flow, Enterprise Value (EV) to EBITDA. Each of these ratios for the selected comparable companies are averaged and multiplied by the values for the company we are interested in to calculate a value per share for our selected company.

We have included the Other Comparables as a way to value companies that cannot be valued using Earnings based ratios. This technique is very useful for companies still experiencing negative cash flows such as mining exploration firms. We use Cash/Share, Book Value/Share, MarketCap, 1 Year Return, NetPPE as the ratios here. Each of these ratios for the selected comparable companies are averaged and multiplied by the values for the company we are interested in to calculate a value per share for our selected company.

Multiples are similar to Price comparables where we look at current or historic ratios for the company in question to assess what it should be worth today based on those historic ratios. We use the same 5 ratios as in the price comparables and value the company with its historic averages.

With Adjusted Book Value (ABV) we calculate the book value per share for the company based on its balance sheet and multiply that book value per share by its historical price to book ratio to calculate a value per share.

If we have Analyst coverage for the company we use the consensus target price here.

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